The USFIA Receiver expects to finalize forensic accounting by January 2017, according to his 5th Interim Report submitted to the court. This crucial work will confirm the full scope of the alleged USFIA enterprise, precisely identifying the number of investors involved and the specific amounts they invested and later received.
Current accounting progress has identified approximately 65,000 victims who collectively sustained $195 million in losses across 78 distinct bank accounts. The Receiver has recovered roughly $19 million in cash to date. Additionally, seized assets hold an estimated value of about $77.5 million, marking significant progress in the recovery efforts.
Court documents detail how Steve Chen, the alleged mastermind behind USFIA, laundered over $12 million of invested funds through his brother, Yan Chen. This money flowed through a shell company named Ammine SRL, which Yan Chen controlled.
Ammine SRL purchased land in the Dominican Republic for $373,000 on December 2, 2013. The Receiver reported that the sale was not fully recorded, leaving the land's official title still in the names of the original sellers. This creates complexities for asset seizure. The acquired property contains active amber mines, featuring deep, hand-dug and machine-made holes and tunnels from which amber is actively extracted.
To secure these assets, the Receiver applied for an execuator on the Dominican Republic property. Dominican Republic courts granted this legal instrument. The execuator domiciles the US preliminary injunction in the Dominican Republic, effectively extending the US court's order to the foreign territory. Ammine SRL has since filed an objection to the execuator, but the mining properties remain legally under the Receiver's control for now.
Records show Ammine SRL received payments totaling $12,810,000 from the USFIA Receivership Entities. These funds were deposited into Ammine SRL's account at Scotiabank. A review of Scotiabank records indicates the money was used for operating expenses, purchases of amber and other extracted materials, and transfers to other banks within the Dominican Republic. Ammine SRL paid approximately $2.10 per gram for amber.
Yan Chen also established AMN Ltd, which the Receiver identified as the "apparent successor of Ammine SRL." Another $630,000 was laundered through this entity. In anticipation of losing control over Ammine SRL and AMN Ltd in the Dominican Republic, Yan Chen cleared the Scotiabank account. When the execuator was served, the account balance stood at just one peso.
Ammine SRL initiated dissolution proceedings in May 2016, months after the Preliminary Injunction Order was issued. The Receiver, with assistance from legal counsel in the Dominican Republic, has formally objected to this dissolution. Such a move could complicate asset recovery efforts. The ultimate destination of the millions Steve Chen transferred to his brother remains unclear.
